Country Summary: Austria
Country Name: Austria
Capital: Vienna
Official Visa & Travel Information: Austria Immigration Services (Visa Services)
Government Type: Federal Parliamentary Republic
Background: Once the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austria was reduced to a small republic after its defeat in World War I. Following annexation by Nazi Germany in 1938 and subsequent occupation by the victorious Allies in 1945, Austria's status remained unclear for a decade. A State Treaty signed in 1955 ended the occupation, recognized Austria's independence, and forbade unification with Germany. A constitutional law that same year declared the country's "perpetual neutrality" as a condition for Soviet military withdrawal. The Soviet Union's collapse in 1991 and Austria's entry into the EU in 1995 somewhat altered the meaning of this neutrality. A prosperous, democratic country, Austria entered the EU Economic and Monetary Union in 1999.
Continent: Europe
Population: 8,940,860 (2023 est.)
Ethnic Groups: Austrian 80.8%, German 2.6%, Bosnian and Herzegovinian 1.9%, Turkish 1.8%, Serbian 1.6%, Romanian 1.3%, other 10% (2018 est.)
Languages: German (official nationwide) 88.6%, Turkish 2.3%, Serbian 2.2%, Croatian (official in Burgenland) 1.6%, other (includes Slovene, official in southern Carinthia, and Hungarian, official in Burgenland) 5.3% (2001 est.)
Religions: Roman Catholic 55.2%, Muslim 8.3%, Orthodox 4.9%, Evangelical Christian 3.8%, Jewish 0.1%, other 5.4%, none 22.4% (2021 est.); note: data on Muslim is a 2016 estimate; data on other/none/unspecified are from 2012-2018 estimates.
Economic Overview: One of the strongest EU and euro economies; diversified trade portfolios and relations; enormous trade economy; Russian energy dependence, but investing in alternative energy; aging labor force but large refugee population; large government debt.
Currency: European Euro (EUR)
Reserves of Foreign Exchange & Gold: $33.957 billion (31 December 2021 est.)
Real GDP (Purchasing Power Parity): $484.698 billion (2021 est.); note: data is in 2017 U.S. dollars
Real GDP Growth Rate: 4.56% (2021 est.)
Real GDP per Capita: $54,100 (2021 est.); note: data is in 2017 U.S. dollars
Exports:
$268.277 billion (2021 est.); note: data is in current year U.S. dollars and does not include illicit exports or re-exports
Comparison Ranking: 30
Export Commodities: Vaccines and cultures, cars, packaged medicines, vehicle parts, and broadcasting equipment (2021)
Export Partners: Germany 28%, United States 7%, Italy 6%, Switzerland 5% (2019)
Imports:
$265.769 billion (2021 est.) note: data is in current year U.S. dollars
Comparison Ranking: 27
Import Commodities: Cars, vehicle parts, broadcasting equipment, refined petroleum, and packaged medical supplies (2019)
Import Partners: Germany 39%, Italy 7%, Czechia 5%, 49% Others (2019)
Natural Resources: Oil, coal, lignite, timber, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, magnesite, tungsten, graphite, salt, and hydropower.
Agricultural Products: Milk, maize, sugar beet, wheat, barley, potatoes, pork, triticale, grapes, and apples.
Industries: Construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food, metals, chemicals, lumber and paper, electronics, and tourism.
Industrial Production Growth Rate:
6.77% (2021 est.)
Comparison Ranking: 64
Labor Force: 4.661 million (2021 est.)
Labor Force By Occupation:
Agriculture: 0.7%
Industry: 25.2%
Services: 74.1% (2017 est.)
Unemployment Rate: 6.3% (2021 est.)
Natural Hazards: Landslides, avalanches, and earthquakes.
Geography:
Total: 83,871 sq km
Land: 82,445 sq km
Water: 1,426 sq km
(Country Summary, The World Factbook, CIA.gov)
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